Architects are using mathematic shape and pattern generation with parametric design modeling using programs like Grasshopper. Basically this on steroids:
Solving a Leafy Mathematical Mystery
By Cara Giaimo June 6, 2019
Next time you go outside, take a minute to look at your local leaf arrangements. You’ll probably notice a few different patterns. In basil plants, each leaf is about 90 degrees — a quarter-turn — from the last, a template called “decussate.”
Orixa japonica, a common Japanese shrub.CreditCreditQwert1234, via Wikimedia Commons